Observed each year on March 4, World Obesity Day is an important opportunity to emphasize that obesity is not merely a willpower issue, but a chronic disease shaped by biological, genetic, environmental, and social factors.
Why Is Obesity a Disease?
The World Health Organization (WHO), the American Medical Association (AMA), and many health authorities officially define obesity as a chronic disease. Obesity increases risk for more than 200 conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, some cancers, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and depression.
The Situation in Turkey
In Turkey, approximately 32% of adults are living with obesity and 34% are overweight. These data place the country among those with high obesity prevalence within OECD populations. Childhood obesity is also increasing at a concerning rate.
Evidence-Based Approaches in Obesity Management
- Personalized nutrition planning with dietitian guidance
- Regular physical activity (150+ minutes/week)
- Sleep optimization (insufficient sleep can increase weight gain risk)
- Stress management and emotional eating awareness
- Medical and psychological support when needed
Combating Weight Stigma
One of the largest barriers in obesity care is social stigma. The message "just eat less and move more" is insufficient. Hormones (leptin, ghrelin, insulin), microbiome, sleep, medications, and genetics all directly influence weight regulation. Empathy and evidence-based care are central to effective management.